What is circulation in architecture?
In terms of architecture, circulation refers to how people move about a structure and engage with the surrounding physical environment. Circulation also happens as individuals approach a building and are about to enter it. It can be vertical or horizontal; the elements employed include steps, elevators, escalators, travellators, etc. In architecture, circulation also refers to how people move about a building’s outside. All user classes must be carefully taken into account when developing circulation methods, especially those with varying skills.
Types of Circulation
- Centralized
- Radial
- Linear
Elements of Circulation
- Approach
- Entrance
- Configuration of path
- Path and Space relationship
- Form of the circulation
Modes of Circulation
1. Horizontal Circulation
2. Vertical Circulation
3. Mechanical movements (Vertical + Horizontal)
Horizontal Circulation
Horizontal circulation refers to movement on a single level or floor. The circulation occurs mainly in linear mode from x places to y places on the same level. It includes corridors, hallways, walkways, passages, and skywalks (generally connect two different buildings at the same levels) that connect different rooms, spaces, or areas within a building. Horizontal circulation facilitates the flow of people and goods across a floor, allowing access to various destinations within the same level.
Read this assignment for information about the corridor. Click on this link.
Vertical Circulation
This type of circulation involves movement between different levels or floors within a building. It includes elements such as staircases, elevators, escalators, ladders, and ramps that enable people to move vertically on different floor levels. Vertical circulation is essential for connecting multiple floors and ensuring efficient access to various spaces within a building.
Read this assignment for information about the stairs. Click on these links.
Mechanical Movements (Vertical and Horizontal)
It refers to the use of mechanical systems or electrical devices to facilitate movement within the building on the same level or different levels. It consists of both vertical and horizontal circulation modes. These are designed to transport people safely to different floors or the same level. They are designed to streamline movement, increase efficiency, reduce human efforts, and improve the overall user experience in a building. They also play a crucial role in large areas where traffic is high because they allow smooth and controlled movement. Some of the examples of mechanical movements:-
- Escalators
- Moving Walkways
- Lifts
In the next few days, their design considerations, measurements, standards, and drawings will be included.
